| 司马 | Sī mǎ | official post of minister of war in pre-han Chinese states; two-character surname Sima |
| 司马光 | Sī mǎ Guāng | Sima Guang (1019-1086), politician and historian of Northern Song, author of Comprehensive Mirror for aid in Government 资治通鉴 |
| 司马懿 | Sī mǎ Yì | Sima Yi (179-251), warlord under Cao Cao and subsequently founder of the Jin dynasty |
| 司马承帧 | Sī mǎ Chéng zhèng | Sima Chengzheng (655-735), Daoist priest in Tang dynasty |
司马昭之心路人所
知 | Sī mǎ Zhāo zhī xīn lù rén suǒ zhī | Sima Zhao's stratagem is obvious to everyone; fig. an open secret |
| 司马法 | Sī mǎ Fǎ | “Methods of Sima”, also called “Sima Rangju’s Art of War”, one of the Seven Military Classics of ancient China 武经七书, written by Sima Rangju司马穰苴 |
| 司马炎 | Sī mǎ Yán | Sima Yan (236-290), founding emperor of Jin dynasty 晋 after the Three Kingdoms period, reigned 265-290 as Emperor Wu of Jin 晉武帝 |
| 司马穰苴 | Sī mǎ Ráng jū | Sima Rangju (c. 800 BC, dates of birth and death unknown), military strategist of the Qi State 齐国 and author of “Methods of Sima” 司马法, one of the Seven Military Classics of ancient China武经七书 |
| 司马谈 | Sī mǎ Tán | Sima Tan (-110 BC), Han dynasty scholar and historian, and father of 司马迁 |
| 司马迁 | Sī mǎ Qiān | Sima Qian (145-86 BC), historian, author of 史记, known as the father of Chinese historiography |
| 司马辽太郎 | Sī mǎ Liáo tài láng | SHIBA Ryotarō (1923-1996), Japanese author of historical novels |
| 易司马仪 | Yì sī mǎ yí | Ismail (name); Shāh Ismāil I (1487-1524), founder of Persian Safavid dynasty, reigned 1501-1524 |
